The concept originated with ROIR label boss Neil S. Cooper, who suggested depicting "a statement against people in power." The design perfectly captured Bad Brains' circumstances—after being banned from Washington D.C. venues due to their chaotic shows, they had relocated to New York City in 1981.

The artwork was created by Donna Lee Parsons, who was then known as Dave Ratcage and ran Rat Cage Records. Sources variously identify the designer as "David Lee Parsons," "Dave Lee Parsons," or "Mir," but these all refer to the same person who later transitioned and became known as Donna Lee Parsons. He was described as a "seminal zinester/skatepunk/icon" who also designed the Bad Brains logo alongside Donnell Gibson and Jay Jones.

The cassette's J-card unfolded to reveal a band photo by Laura Levine, album credits, complete song lyrics, and liner notes by Ira Kaplan of the *New York Rocker* and *Soho News* (who would later front Yo La Tengo). The original 1982 edition featured a white spine with a red or yellow cassette shell.

Subsequent editions came in all-yellow J-cards with red, gold, or green shells—a nod to the band's Rastafarian beliefs. Later versions appeared in white, orange, and transparent red shells. The yellow packaging became so iconic that fans nicknamed the release "The Yellow Tape."

Rather than conventional A/B sides, the band labeled them "Side 1/Side A," reflecting their unique approach to combining hardcore punk with reggae. The album was recorded at Jerry Williams' 171-A Studios in New York's Alphabet City—a 60-foot room in an abandoned glass store.

The lightning-strikes-Capitol imagery has endured as one of punk's most immediately recognizable covers, inspiring countless lightning bolt merchandise and cementing the album's visual legacy alongside its musical influence.