The first thing your eye does is squint. A field of brilliant, brushy red fills the entire square, the paint laid on thick enough that you can sense the strokes, and floating dead center sits a small panel ringed by a thin gold line. Inside that panel is something your brain wants to resolve but can't: a grid of coarse pixels in skin tones, deep browns, blues and a stray block of green, scrambled just past the point of legibility. A black-and-white Parental Advisory label anchors the bottom right corner. Everything about this image is a tease, and that is precisely the point.

Underneath those pixels lives one of the most argued-over paintings in modern pop. For My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy, released on November 22, 2010, Kanye West commissioned American artist George Condo, visiting his New York studio for hours and playing him the music. Over the following days Condo produced eight or nine paintings, and five of them shipped as official covers. The notorious one shows West nude on a couch, straddled by an armless winged female figure with a polka-dot tail.

Condo described her as a fragment caught between a sphinx, a phoenix, a haunting ghost and a harpy, with West set in a burned-out 1970s back room of a Chicago blues club, nursing a beer. He has called his approach psychological cubism, fusing Cubism and classicism, a fitting mirror for an album critics heard as maximalist hip-hop laced with soul, baroque, electro and symphonic sweep.

The banning was engineered. According to Condo, West asked specifically for an image provocative enough to be rejected by retailers as a publicity stunt. He told Condo he wanted a phoenix. He got one, and the strategy worked: the painting was refused by outlets including Walmart and Apple's iTunes Music Store. In October 2010, West tweeted that his cover had been banned in the USA for him simply chilling on the couch with his phoenix, and drew the obvious comparison to Nirvana's Nevermind, asking why a band could show a nude person but he couldn't show a painting of a monster with no arms, a polka-dot tail and wings. Walmart, for its part, denied rejecting anything and put out a statement saying it was thrilled to have the album in stores.

That tug-of-war is why the version many people met looked exactly like this: the explicit painting buried under a mosaic of pixels, framed in gold against that aggressive red, the censorship itself becoming the design. The blur invites the curiosity it pretends to suppress, turning a retail compromise into a billboard for scandal.

The phoenix was never alone. Condo's series also included a ballerina cover that surfaced on the Amazon pre-order page, born when his wife Anna showed West a slow-motion clip of French dancer Sylvie Guillem; West asked for a great ballerina painting, and Condo imagined one mid-toast. There were two portraits of West too, an extreme close-up with mismatched eyes and four sets of teeth, and a crowned, decapitated head run through by a sword, plus a dyspeptic ballerina and a work called The Priest. Five faces for one record, each disturbing in its own register.

Art direction sat with West himself, alongside Virgil Abloh, while Condo wielded the brush. The album that justified all this came together largely at Honolulu's Avex Recording Studio, where West retreated into a self-imposed exile after the 2009 Taylor Swift VMA incident. Out of that distance came a record loud enough to fill a stadium, wrapped in a cover designed to be too hot to sell. Look again at the red square: it is a dare, a locked door, an argument about who gets to show a body, all hidden in plain sight behind a curtain of dots.